Cashu

Private Lightning e-cash. The mint can't link sender to receiver. BETA - small amounts only.

cashu.space

Zero KYC
Evidence and facts →

Private Lightning e-cash. The mint can't link sender to receiver. BETA - small amounts only.

Common useLightning privacyPrivacy Tools / WalletOperator dataHosted

Identity checksZero KYCNo document check recorded · identity exposure level 0/4

Evidence and riskVerified evidenceCautionMaterial claims checked against current sources.; those sources show trade-offs worth reading.

Last reviewedReviewed 25 Aug 2026KYC checked 25 Aug 2026 · unknown jurisdiction · Source → official siteHow to cite this pageSource coverageVerified evidenceRecorded riskCaution

Evidence and facts

CUNICULA SCORE 4.0

35/100Limited evidencePrivacy 12/25 · Control 0/20 · Transparency 0/20 · Security 17/25 · Accountability 6/10 · Cap 69 · Method

JURISDICTIONUnknown

CAUTIONCustodial risk: every Cashu mint is a single-sig custodian of your sats. If a mint rugs, is hacked, or disappears, ecash tokens become worthless. Only use trusted mints and keep amounts small. Proof-of-liabilities not yet standardized. Multi-mint splitting helps but adds UX complexity.

AUDITED BYNo audit listed

OPERATOR DATAHosted operator recorded

SOURCE COVERAGE

Verified evidenceTHIRD-PARTY REPORTED2/3Reviewed 25 Aug 2026 · Source → official site

LAST CHECKED2026-08-25

LAST UPDATED2026-08-25

Specs

DOCUMENT CHECKNone recorded

IDENTITY EXPOSURELevel 0/4

KYC TRIGGERSThe Cashu protocol has no account or identity-verification layer. Individual custodial mint operators can set their own access, compliance, and fee policies.

FEEProtocol and mint fees vary; Lightning routing and on-chain fees may also apply.

NETWORKSBitcoin, Lightning Route, FOSS

CATEGORIESPrivacy Tools, Wallet

COMMON USESLightning privacy, Offline Bitcoin payments, Advanced users

FEATURESChaumian e-cash, Lightning-native, Offline transactions, QR code / Bluetooth transfer, No account required, Open source, Blind signature privacy, Multi-wallet support

TORNot listed

REGIONSGlobal availability

Review analysis, source material, related services, and history

About

Chaumian e-cash protocol on Bitcoin Lightning where each mint is a custodian holding the backing funds.

Analysis

OVERVIEW

Cashu is a Chaumian e-cash protocol on Bitcoin Lightning where the mint cannot link a deposit to a later withdrawal, and tokens act as bearer instruments with no account or identity attached.

LIMITS

Each mint is a single-sig custodian, so a mint that is hacked or disappears leaves its tokens worthless, and the lead developer's own README discloses not being a cryptographer and states the work has not been reviewed.

USEFUL FOR

Suited to Bitcoin users moving small Lightning balances through mints they already trust, not long-term storage.

Sources · reviewed 2026-07-16

Official site ↗

Corporate identity

Registry-sourced, not audited. The facts below come from cited web research rather than a direct registry query. Each claim links its own source.

Registry research · reviewed 2026-08-09

Frequently Asked Questions

Is identity verification required?

No identity verification is recorded for typical use. The Cashu protocol has no account or identity-verification layer. Individual custodial mint operators can set their own access, compliance, and fee policies.

Which payment methods are accepted?

Accepted payment methods: Bitcoin, Lightning Route, FOSS.

Where is it available?

Recorded availability: GLOBAL.

Is the operator based in a Five Eyes country?

The jurisdiction is not publicly confirmed. Check the provider site for incorporation details.

How are identity, operator, and evidence fields reported?

Identity exposure is level 0 of 4. A hosted operator is recorded. Jurisdiction is shown as context, not a safety verdict. Source coverage is verified evidence, last reviewed 2026-08-25, and recorded risk is caution.

Which payment networks are supported?

Accepted networks: Bitcoin, Lightning Route, FOSS.

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Sources and history

Service history

Latest meaningful changes to the facts shown on this provider page.

26 Aug 2026
Apply full-service rereview and score 4.0
Checked at, Fee, Fees / Transaction, KYC last checked, and 5 more
9 Aug 2026
Corporate registry information updated
Corporate
6 Aug 2026
Provider presentation updated
Description, Evidence status, Kyc note, Recorded risk, and 2 more

Full service history

27 Aug 2026updated
Reconcile score 4.0 evidence
Score assessment / Control model
local-self-custodyunknown
Score assessment / Operator data exposure
limitedunknown
Score assessment / Source model
openunknown
Score review
not setOutcome: PASS; Checked at: 2026-08-25; Inputs: Operator data exposure: unknown; Control model: unknown; Source model: unknown; Audit: Score eligible: no; Reason: No dated, scoped, current audit citation was normalized in the reviewed packet; legacy auditedBy labels receive no score credit.
Review source: official site · public history entry
26 Aug 2026updated
Apply full-service rereview and score 4.0
Checked at
2026-06-242026-08-25
Fee
FreeProtocol and mint fees vary; Lightning routing and on-chain fees may also apply.
Fees / Transaction
0not set
KYC last checked
2026-06-222026-08-25
Kyc note
No account. No KYC. Tokens are bearer instruments - no identity attached.The Cashu protocol has no account or identity-verification layer. Individual custodial mint operators can set their own access, compliance, and fee policies.
Last reviewed
2026-06-222026-08-25
Source reviewed
official sitehttps://cashu.space/
Score assessment
not setOperator data exposure: limited; Control model: local-self-custody; Source model: open
Updated at
2026-03-132026-08-25
Review source: official site · public history entry
9 Aug 2026updated
Corporate registry information updated
Corporate
not setEntity type: project-no-legal-entity; Governance model: maintainer-group; Repository url: https://github.com/cashubtc
Review source: official site · public history entry
8 Aug 2026updated
Provider summary rewritten
Description
Chaumian e-cash protocol on Bitcoin Lightning. The mint cannot link sends to receives - genuine transactional unlinkability. CAUTION: each mint is a custodian. If the mint disappears, tokens are worthless. Best for small amounts on trusted mints.Chaumian e-cash protocol on Bitcoin Lightning where each mint is a custodian holding the backing funds.
Review source: official site · public history entry
7 Aug 2026updated
Provider summary rewritten
Card summary
not setChaumian e-cash on Bitcoin Lightning.
Review source: official site · public history entry
6 Aug 2026updated
Provider presentation updated
Description
Chaumian e-cash protocol on Bitcoin Lightning. The mint cannot link sends to receives — genuine transactional unlinkability. CAUTION: each mint is a custodian. If the mint disappears, tokens are worthless. Best for small amounts on trusted mints.Chaumian e-cash protocol on Bitcoin Lightning. The mint cannot link sends to receives - genuine transactional unlinkability. CAUTION: each mint is a custodian. If the mint disappears, tokens are worthless. Best for small amounts on trusted mints.
Evidence status
not setverified
Kyc note
No account. No KYC. Tokens are bearer instruments — no identity attached.No account. No KYC. Tokens are bearer instruments - no identity attached.
Recorded risk
not setcaution
Tagline
Private Lightning e-cash. The mint can't link sender to receiver. BETA — small amounts only.Private Lightning e-cash. The mint can't link sender to receiver. BETA - small amounts only.
Trust level
cautionnot set
Review source: official site · public history entry
24 Jun 2026updated
Provider facts reviewed and updated
Checked at
2026-06-222026-06-24
Review source: official site · public history entry
22 Jun 2026updated
Ship trust audit remediation pass
Checked at
2026-03-132026-06-22
Jurisdiction confidence
not setunknown
KYC last checked
not set2026-06-22
Last reviewed
not set2026-06-22
Source reviewed
not setofficial site
Review source: official site · public history entry
7 Apr 2026updated
Drop warrantCanary trust signal
Warrant canary
nonot set
Review source: source not recorded · public history entry
29 Mar 2026updated
KYC risk level system + advanced directory filters
KYC level
zero0
Review source: source not recorded · public history entry
14 Mar 2026updated
Offline status bug, vetted grid, news/projects img tags
Status
liveok
Review source: source not recorded · public history entry
14 Mar 2026updated
Provider presentation updated
Audited by
not setnone
Badge
not setBETA
Best for
General usageLightning privacy, Offline Bitcoin payments, Advanced users
Cat
not setprivacy
Categories
Payments, Offline, BitcoinPrivacy Tools, Wallet
Checked at
not set2026-03-13
Countries
noneGLOBAL
Description
An ecash protocol on Bitcoin enabling private, offline-capable transactions using Blind Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange. Tokens can be sent via QR code or Bluetooth and routed via Lightning Network. Requires trusting 'mint' operators.Chaumian e-cash protocol on Bitcoin Lightning. The mint cannot link sends to receives — genuine transactional unlinkability. CAUTION: each mint is a custodian. If the mint disappears, tokens are worthless. Best for small amounts on trusted mints.
Features
not setChaumian e-cash, Lightning-native, Offline transactions, QR code / Bluetooth transfer, No account required, Open source, Blind signature privacy, Multi-wallet support
Fee
not setFree
Fees
not setTransaction: 0
Geo
not setGLOBAL
KYC level
not setzero
Kyc note
Advertises No-KYC, but strictly adhere to OPSEC rules. Access via Tor, pay with XMR.No account. No KYC. Tokens are bearer instruments — no identity attached.
Limits
not setDaily: not set
Privacy warning
Custodial model: currently must rely on trusting mint operators who hold the underlying Bitcoin.Custodial risk: every Cashu mint is a single-sig custodian of your sats. If a mint rugs, is hacked, or disappears, ecash tokens become worthless. Only use trusted mints and keep amounts small. Proof-of-liabilities not yet standardized. Multi-mint splitting helps but adds UX complexity.
Status
not setlive
Tagline
A privacy-preserving tool offering genuine utility.Private Lightning e-cash. The mint can't link sender to receiver. BETA — small amounts only.
Trending
not setno
Trust level
verifiedcaution
Twitter
not sethttps://x.com/CashuBTC
Type
not setPrivacy Tools
Updated at
not set2026-03-13
Warrant canary
not setno
Review source: source not recorded · public history entry
10 Mar 2026created
Provider facts reviewed and updated
Provider profile
not setcreated
Review source: source not recorded · public history entry

Only fields shown on the provider page are tracked. Private identifiers are never published.

Evidence basis: Claims on this page are linked to published sources for comparison, not certification, audit, endorsement, or recommendation; read the methodology and coverage map before relying on an entry.